Gainesville: University of Florida, Forestry Department.Ĭampbell, R. Squillace (Eds.), Proceedings: Fifth North American forest biology workshop (pp. Regulation of bud-burst timing by temperature and photoregime during dormancy. Journal of Applied Ecology, 11, 1069–1080.Ĭampbell, R. Use of phenology for examining provenance transfers in reforestation of Douglas-fir. Integrating complex effects of photoperiod into process-based models. Modelling the timing of Betula pubescens budburst. Climate Research, 46, 147–157.Ĭaffarra, A., Donnelly, A., & Chuine, I. Temperature and photoperiod: A conceptual model. International Journal of Biometeorology, 55, 711–721.Ĭaffarra, A., Donnelly, A., Chuine, I., & Jones, M. The ecological significance of phenology in four different tree species: Effects of light and temperature on bud burst. Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College, University of Dublin.Ĭaffarra, A., & Donnelly, A. Quantifying the environmental drivers of tree phenology. Vernalization and the chilling requirement to exit bud dormancy: Shared or separate regulation? Frontiers in Plant Science, 5, Article 732. Air temperature, heat sums, and pollen shedding phenology of longleaf pine. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 164, 10–19.īoyer, W. Shortcomings of classical phenological forcing models and a way to overcome them. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 165, 73–81.īlümel, K., & Chmielewski, F.-M. Photoperiod sensitivity of bud burst in 14 temperate forest tree species. Assessing effects of forecasted climate change on the diversity and distribution of European higher plants for 2050. Induction and release of bud dormancy in woody perennials: A science comes of age. Proceedings of the American Society of Horticultural Science, 74, 430–445.Īrora, R., Rowland, L. The determination and significance of the base temperature in a linear heat unit system. The chapter is concluded with a discussion of models for the entire annual phenological cycle. Most models for growth cessation are conceptually more straightforward, so that they are not discussed at the same length as the models of springtime development. Subsequently, effects of dormancy are introduced into the modelling. The ecophysiological interpretation of these models, which use the arbitrary unit of day degree, is explicated, and the experimental research aimed at determining the real ecophysiological air temperature responses of the trees and thus supplementing the day degree approach is discussed. The direct environmental regulation by air temperature is first discussed by examining the classical temperature sum (or day degree) models. Most effort is devoted to modelling the springtime developmental events, such as bud burst. The methodological problems caused by this discrepancy are discussed, and an ecophysiological explication of the models is introduced. With such events only one, or maximally a few, empirical observations per year are available for testing these models but as in all other models of the annual cycle, the values of the state variables are nevertheless calculated for each day of the simulation period. The ecophysiological models of the annual phenological cycle predict the timing of discontinuous developmental events, such as bud burst and height growth cessation. 2 is applied to the modelling of the annual phenological cycle of boreal and temperate trees. The hypothetico-deductive modelling framework introduced in Chap.
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